# Portugal — Residency & Citizenship Conditions

> Source: https://residencyradar.org/conditions/portugal.html | Last checked: 2026-10-12 | Last updated: 2026-09-13

## Quick answer

- Passive income / no work: D7 Visa: Passive income ≥ €920/mo (min wage); +50% spouse, +30% child (2 yr → 3 yr) [source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt]
- Remote workers: D8 Visa: Remote work income ≥ €3,680/mo (4× min wage) (2 yr, renewable) [source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt]
- Investment: ARI / Golden Visa: €500,000 investment fund; no real estate since Oct 2023 (2 yr, renewable) [source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt]
- Skilled workers: EU Blue Card / Tech Visa: Job offer + degree; salary ≥ 1.5× national avg (Up to 4 yr) [source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt]
- Founders: Startup Visa (D2): Business plan; sufficient funds; job creation (2 yr, renewable) [source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt]
- Citizenship by naturalisation: 10 years of legal residence

## Overview
Portugal is one of Europe's most popular immigration destinations. Its immigration system is managed by AIMA (Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo), which replaced SEF in 2023. Portugal offers multiple residence paths: D7 (passive income), D8 (digital nomad), ARI/Golden Visa (investment), and work permits. EU citizenship is available after 10 years of legal residence (7 for EU/CPLP nationals) under Lei Orgânica 1/2026, in force since 19 May 2026. ^[https://aima.gov.pt/pt]

## Residency Programs

| Type | Official Program | Key Conditions | Duration | Detail |
|------|-----------------|----------------|----------|--------|
| investment_residency | ARI / Golden Visa | €500,000 investment fund; no real estate since Oct 2023 | 2 yr, renewable | [[#investment-residency]] |
| passive_income_residency | D7 Visa | Passive income ≥ €920/mo (min wage); +50% spouse, +30% child | 2 yr → 3 yr | [[#passive-income-residency]] |
| digital_nomad_visa | D8 Visa | Remote work income ≥ €3,680/mo (4× min wage) | 2 yr, renewable | [[#digital-nomad-visa]] |
| highly_skilled_employment | EU Blue Card / Tech Visa | Job offer + degree; salary ≥ 1.5× national avg | Up to 4 yr | [[#highly-skilled-employment]] |
| startup_entrepreneur | Startup Visa (D2) | Business plan; sufficient funds; job creation | 2 yr, renewable | [[#startup-entrepreneur]] |
| employment_residency | D1/D2 Work Visa | Job offer; employer-sponsored | 1–2 yr | [[#employment-residency]] |
| student_residency | D4/D5 Student Visa | Enrollment in Portuguese institution | Course duration | [[#student-residency]] |
| family_reunification | D6 Family Reunification | Sponsor with valid permit; proof of accommodation | 2 yr | [[#family-reunification]] |
| retired_residency | D7 (retirement route) | Pension ≥ €920/mo; passive income | 2 yr → 3 yr | [[#retired-residency]] |
| citizenship_by_investment | Not available | — | — | — |

## Per-Program Detail

### investment_residency
- **Official name**: ARI — Autorização de Residência para Atividade de Investimento (Golden Visa)
- **Conditions**: €500,000 in qualifying investment funds; €250,000 cultural/artistic production; €500,000 scientific research; €500,000 business + 5 jobs (or €250,000 + maintain 5 jobs). Real estate route closed since October 2023. ^[https://getgoldenvisa.com/portugal-golden-visa-program]
- **Duration / renewal**: 2-year permit, renewable every 2 years. Minimum stay: 7 days year 1, 14 days per subsequent 2-year period.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years legal residence (7 for EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese. ^[https://www.globalcitizensolutions.com/portugal-golden-visa-changes]
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well (fund route mature; real estate abolition reduced options but fund route clean).

### passive_income_residency
- **Official name**: D7 — Visto de Residência para Reformados e Titulares de Rendimentos
- **Conditions**: Passive income ≥ €920/mo in 2026 (Portuguese minimum wage); +50% for spouse (€460), +30% per dependent child (€276). Savings buffer ~€11,040 for single applicant. Income must be passive: pensions, dividends, rental income, royalties. ^[https://goldenharbors.com/articles/portugal-d7-visa]
- **Duration / renewal**: 2-year initial, renewable for 3 years. Permanent residence after 5 years.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt (Art. 77, Law 23/2007)
- **Community verdict**: Works well (lowest income threshold in Western Europe; AIMA backlogs are main friction).

### digital_nomad_visa
- **Official name**: D8 — Visto para Nómadas Digitais / Trabalhadores Remotos
- **Conditions**: Remote work income ≥ €3,680/mo (4× minimum wage); employment contract or freelance engagement with foreign entities. ^[https://www.pearlsofportugal.com/visa-portugal/portugal-digital-nomad-d8-visa]
- **Duration / renewal**: 2-year initial, renewable 2+2 years.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well (high threshold but straightforward; 6–9 month processing times common).

### highly_skilled_employment
- **Official name**: EU Blue Card (Cartão Azul UE) / Tech Visa
- **Conditions**: University degree + binding job offer; salary ≥ 1.5× national average gross annual salary. Tech Visa offers fast-track for certified tech companies.
- **Duration / renewal**: Up to 4 years.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well.

### startup_entrepreneur
- **Official name**: D2 — Visto para Empreendedores
- **Conditions**: Viable business plan; proof of sufficient funds; incorporation or intent to incorporate in Portugal; job creation expected.
- **Duration / renewal**: 2 years, renewable.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Mixed (subjective business plan evaluation; consular discretion high).

### employment_residency
- **Official name**: D1 — Visto de Trabalho por Conta de Outrem
- **Conditions**: Binding job offer from Portuguese employer; employer must demonstrate no suitable EU/EEA candidate available.
- **Duration / renewal**: 1–2 years, tied to employment contract.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Mixed (labor market test can be hurdle; easier for shortage occupations).

### student_residency
- **Official name**: D4/D5 — Visto de Estudo
- **Conditions**: Enrollment in recognized Portuguese institution; proof of financial means (~€920/mo); health insurance.
- **Duration / renewal**: Course duration, renewable annually.
- **Path to citizenship**: Time counts toward 10-year clock (7 EU/CPLP).
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well.

### family_reunification
- **Official name**: D6 — Reagrupamento Familiar
- **Conditions**: Sponsor with valid residence permit; proof of accommodation; sufficient financial means. 2-year rule for some categories since 2026.
- **Duration / renewal**: 2 years, aligned with sponsor.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well (but AIMA processing delays).

### retired_residency
- **Official name**: D7 (retirement route) — same as passive income
- **Conditions**: Pension income ≥ €920/mo (Portuguese minimum wage); +50% spouse, +30% child. D7 is the umbrella covering both passive-income and retired applicants.
- **Duration / renewal**: 2-year initial, renewable for 3 years.
- **Path to citizenship**: 10 years (7 EU/CPLP); A2 Portuguese.
- **Official source**: https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- **Community verdict**: Works well (popular retirement destination).

### citizenship_by_investment
Not available. Portugal does not offer direct citizenship by investment.

## Citizenship
- **Residence requirement**: 10 years legal residence (standard); 7 years for EU/CPLP nationals; 3 years if married to Portuguese citizen. Pre-May 2026 applications: 5 years under old law. ^[https://www.globalcitizensolutions.com/portugal-golden-visa-changes]
- **Language**: A2 Portuguese (basic).
- **Dual citizenship**: Permitted.
- **Golden Visa pathway**: Minimum-stay days (7/14 per period) count toward citizenship clock.

## Tax
- **Standard rates**: Progressive 14.5%–48%.
- **NHR**: Closed to new applicants (ended 31 Dec 2023). ^[https://www.portutax.com/news/nhr-20-in-portugal-what-the-ifici-regime-means-for-expats-in-2026-81]
- **IFICI (NHR 2.0)**: 20% flat tax on qualifying Portuguese-source professional income; exemptions on much foreign income. Requires EQF Level 6 qualification + 3 years relevant experience, or EQF Level 8 doctorate, in designated high-value activities. Retirees and passive-income earners are excluded. ^[https://imin-portugal.com/blog/portugal-ifici-tax-regime]
- **D7 holders**: Generally subject to standard progressive taxation; IFICI rarely accessible.

## IT / Digital Nomad
Portugal's D8 visa is the dedicated remote-work route. Income threshold: €3,680/mo (4× minimum wage). Lisbon, Porto, and Madeira are major nomad hubs with strong coworking infrastructure. No separate "IT specialist" visa; D8 + EU Blue Card cover the market.

## Yacht / Maritime
Extensive Atlantic coastline; major ports: Lisbon, Cascais, Portimão, Vilamoura. Portuguese flag yacht registration available. Algarve is a key yachting hub. Recognized captain licensing under international conventions.

## Notes for RU Citizens
Consulates in Russia may have reduced operations — apply via third-country consulates or in Portugal. D7 (passive income) and D8 (remote work) accessible. A2 Portuguese is one of the lowest EU language bars. Enhanced due diligence for Golden Visa applicants. No official restrictions beyond EU sanctions screening.

## Community Pulse
AIMA backlogs are the dominant complaint across forums: 6–9 months for initial D7/D8 processing, renewal queues. The 10-year citizenship reform (May 2026) was a shock but still among the shortest in Western Europe. Golden Visa fund route is smooth and well-established. D7 income threshold (€920/mo) is the lowest in Western Europe — heavily used by retirees and passive-income holders.

## Country Snapshot

| Field | Value | Source / Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Population | ~10,400,000 (2023) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/country/portugal) — hard/official |
| Main religion | Roman Catholicism | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal#Religion) — hard/official |
| Main language | Portuguese | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal) — hard/official |
| Main city (capital or largest) | Lisbon | [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon) — hard/official |
| On the coast? | Yes (extensive Atlantic coastline, ~1,794 km) | Geographical fact [soft/estimate] |
| Tourism impact in season | High — Algarve, Lisbon, Porto heavily seasonal; peak Jun–Sep | [soft/estimate] |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | ~$47,000 (2023) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Median net monthly salary | ~€1,150 (~$1,250) | [Numbeo](https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_price_rankings?itemId=105) [soft/estimate] |
| Cost of living index | 41.2 (NYC=100, Numbeo 2025) | [Numbeo](https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/rankings_by_country.jsp?title=2025) [soft/estimate] |
| Monthly rent, 1-bedroom apartment | €917 (city centre) | [Numbeo](https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_result.jsp?country=Portugal) [soft/estimate] |
| Effective personal tax rate for remote workers | 20% under IFICI (NHR 2.0), or progressive 14.5%–48% | [Portutax](https://www.portutax.com/news/nhr-20-in-portugal-what-the-ifici-regime-means-for-expats-in-2026-81) [soft/estimate] |
| Remote-work / self-employment residence available? | Yes — D8 Digital Nomad Visa (€3,680/mo) | See [[#digital-nomad-visa]] |
| Years to citizenship | 10 years (7 for EU/CPLP nationals) | See [[#citizenship]] |
| Maximum permitted absence during residence | Golden Visa: 7 days/yr1 + 14 days/2yr; D7/D8: generally 6–8 months continuous absence breaks PR clock | See [[#investment-residency]] and [[#passive-income-residency]] |
| Passport strength after citizenship | 188 visa-free destinations (Henley Q3 2025, rank 4) | [Henley & Partners](https://www.henleyglobal.com/newsroom/press-releases/henley-global-mobility-report-july-2025) — hard/official |
| Rule of Law Index | 0.69 (rank 28/142, WJP 2024) | [WJP](https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/global/2024) — hard/official |
| Freedom House score | 96/100 (Free) | [Freedom House](https://freedomhouse.org/country/portugal/freedom-world/2025) — hard/official |
| Average annual sunshine hours | 2,799 h (Lisbon) | [Current Results](https://www.currentresults.com/Weather/Europe/Cities/sunshine-annual-average.php) — hard/official |
| Average annual temperature | ~16 °C (Lisbon; cooler inland north) | [Wikipedia / IPMA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal#Climate) — hard/official |




## Extended Snapshot

_Coverage: 52/55 fields. Only facts verifiable against official sources or published indices; practice-dependent topics (bank attitudes, real-world acceptance of Russian applicants, flights, policy mood) are deliberately excluded until community-sourced data is collected._

| Block | Field | Value | Source / Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geography & size | Area | 92 230 km² (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Geography & size | Population density | 117 /km² (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Geography & size | Urban population | 61% (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Geography & size | Coastline | 1,793 km (mainland 943 km + islands) | [source](https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/) — hard/official |
| Geography & size | Highest point | Mount Pico (Ponta do Pico), 2,351 m | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Geography & size | Type | mainland (continental Europe) + Atlantic archipelagos (Azores, Madeira) | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Geography & size | Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) / UTC+1 (WEST summer); Moscow is UTC+3, so -3h/-2h DST | [source](https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Avg precipitation | 854 mm/yr (2022) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.PRCP.MM?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Climate | PM2.5 exposure | 8.8 µg/m³ (2023) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Climate | Climate zone | Csa (Mediterranean hot-summer) in south, Csb (warm-summer) in north | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Temp winter / summer | Lisbon: Jan avg 11.6°C, Jul avg 23.5°C | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon#Climate) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Rainy days | Lisbon: ~100 rainy days per year | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon#Climate) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Humidity | Lisbon: ~72% avg annual relative humidity | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon#Climate) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Natural hazards | Earthquakes (1755 Lisbon quake), wildfires, coastal erosion; INFORM Risk low | [source](https://drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/inform-index) — soft/estimate |
| Climate | Air quality | PM2.5 annual avg ~8 µg/m³ (good, WHO guideline 5); occasional African dust episodes | [source](https://www.iqair.com/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Economy | GDP (nominal) | $346.6B (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | GDP growth | 1.9% (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Inflation (CPI) | 2.3% (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Unemployment | 6.2% (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Central govt debt | No reliable data | — |
| Economy | Gini index | 33.9 (2023) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Tourism receipts | 12% of exports (2020) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.RCPT.XP.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Remittances | 0.8% of GDP (2025) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Economy | Credit rating | S&P: A-, Moody's: A3, Fitch: A (upgraded Sep 2025) | unsourced/unverified |
| Economy | Currency | EUR (euro), free float; ~-8% vs USD over 5yr (2021-2026) | [source](https://countryeconomy.com/countries/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Economy | Top industries | Services (~75% GDP), Manufacturing (~13%), Tourism (~8% GDP direct) | [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Economy | Economic Complexity | ECI Trade rank 43/130 (ECI: 0.47, 2024) | [source](https://oec.world/en/profile/country/prt) — hard/official |
| Technology | Internet users | 88% of population (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Technology | Fixed broadband subs | 45.2 per 100 people (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.BBND.P2?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Technology | High-tech exports | 6.8% of manufactured exports (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Technology | R&D spend | 1.69% of GDP (2023) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Technology | Global Innovation Index | WIPO GII 2025: rank 31/139 | [source](https://www.wipo.int/gii-ranking/en/portugal) — hard/official |
| Technology | E-Government (UN EGDI) | UN EGDI 2024: 0.9145, rank 33/193 (very high) | [source](https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/Data/Country-Information/id/139-Portugal) — hard/official |
| Technology | Median broadband speed | Fixed broadband median ~173 Mbps (Ookla, 2025) | [source](https://www.speedtest.net/global-index/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Technology | 5G | 5G commercially available since 2021, all major cities covered | [source](https://www.anacom.pt/) — soft/estimate |
| Technology | Online payments | Stripe, PayPal, Apple Pay available for residents | [source](https://stripe.com/en-pt) — soft/estimate |
| Technology | Startup ecosystem | StartupBlink rank ~27 globally (2025), Lisbon is key hub | [source](https://www.startupblink.com/startups/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Human development & health | Life expectancy | 82.4 years (2024) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Human development & health | Hospital beds | 3.5 per 1000 (2022) | [World Bank](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.MED.BEDS.ZS?locations=PT) — hard/official |
| Human development & health | HDI | UNDP HDI 2022: 0.874, rank 42/193 (very high) | [source](https://countryeconomy.com/hdi/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Safety | Global Peace Index | GPI 2025: rank ~7, score ~1.372 (very high peace) | [source](https://www.visionofhumanity.org/) — soft/estimate |
| Safety | US travel advisory | US State Dept Level 1: Exercise normal precautions | [source](https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Portugal.html) — hard/official |
| Money & tax | FATF status | Not on FATF black or grey list (as of 2026-06-19) | [source](https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/countries/black-and-grey-lists.html) — hard/official |
| Money & tax | CRS exchange | No reliable data | — |
| Money & tax | Tax treaty with Russia | No reliable data | — |
| Money & tax | Wealth / inheritance / CGT | No wealth tax; stamp duty 10% on inheritance (spouse/descendants exempt); CGT 28% on gains | [source](https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Money & tax | CFC rules | Yes, CFC rules apply (EU ATAD); foreign income of controlled companies may be attributed to Portuguese resident | [source](https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Business | Company setup | ~6.5 days, ~€360 (online); very streamlined via 'Empresa na Hora' | unsourced/unverified |
| Business | Corporate tax | 21% standard CIT (mainland); 14.7% Madeira; reduced rates for SMEs on first €50,000 | [source](https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/portugal) — soft/estimate |
| Family & education | Top university | University of Lisbon; QS World 2026 rank ~260 | [source](https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings) — soft/estimate |
| Connectivity | Visa-free for Russians | Schengen visa required; visa-free only for EU/EEA citizens; Russia not eligible since Sep 2022 suspension | unsourced/unverified |
| For Russian citizens | Sanctions position | Full EU sanctions on Russia; arms embargo, financial restrictions, travel bans on individuals | [source](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions/restrictive-measures-against-russia/) — hard/official |
| Quality of life | World Happiness rank | World Happiness Report 2025: rank 69/147, score 6.3 | [source](https://data.worldhappiness.report/country/PRT) — hard/official |
| Quality of life | Expat friendliness | InterNations Expat Insider 2024: rank 15/53 (very good) | [source](https://www.internations.org/expat-insider/) — soft/estimate |
| Quality of life | Local language need | English widely spoken in cities/tourism; Portuguese needed for bureaucracy; EF EPI rank #6 (very high proficiency) | [source](https://www.ef.com/epi/) — hard/official |

## Country Card

### General description
Portugal is a southern European country on the Iberian Peninsula, bordered by Spain and the Atlantic Ocean. It has a service-based economy with strong tourism, a growing tech sector, and one of the lowest costs of living in Western Europe. Portugal is among the most popular EU destinations for expats and remote workers, offering multiple residence pathways (D7 passive income, D8 digital nomad, Golden Visa investment fund route) with moderate income thresholds and a clear — if recently lengthened — path to citizenship.

### Well-known strong points
- Lowest passive-income residence threshold in Western Europe (D7: €920/mo)
- High visa-free passport strength (188 destinations)
- Safe, politically stable parliamentary democracy (FH 96/100)
- Very high sunshine hours (2,799h Lisbon) and mild climate
- Moderate cost of living (Numbeo index 41.2) with good quality of life
- A2 Portuguese language requirement for citizenship — lowest in EU

### Well-known problems
- Citizenship now requires 10 years of residence (up from 5, reformed May 2026)
- AIMA immigration agency backlogs: 6–9 month processing times common
- Bureaucratic inefficiency and slow public administration
- Rising housing costs in Lisbon, Porto, and Algarve driven by foreign demand
- Low median salary (~€1,150/mo net) relative to EU average
- NHR tax regime closed to new applicants (replaced by narrower IFICI)

## Status
- **Last monitored**: 2026-10-12
- **Recent changes**: Nationality law 10-year clock (Lei Orgânica 1/2026, 19 May 2026). AIMA Portal de Renovações operational (Jul 2026). NHR closed, IFICI active. Golden Visa real estate closed since Oct 2023.
- **Watch items**: AIMA backlog clearance. Judicial challenges to 10-year citizenship. IFICI eligibility expansion.

## Official and primary sources
- https://aima.gov.pt/pt
- https://goldenharbors.com/articles/portugal-d7-visa
- https://getgoldenvisa.com/portugal-golden-visa-program
- https://www.globalcitizensolutions.com/portugal-golden-visa-changes